要在FastAPI中实现数据库集成,可以使用第三方库如SQLAlchemy或者ORM(对象关系映射)。以下是使用SQLAlchemy的基本步骤:
安装SQLAlchemy库:pip install SQLAlchemy创建一个数据库连接:from sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_basefrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmakerSQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = "sqlite:///./test.db"engine = create_engine(SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL)SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)Base = declarative_base()创建一个模型类来定义数据库表结构:from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, Stringclass User(Base): __tablename__ = "users" id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True) name = Column(String) email = Column(String)创建数据库表:Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)在FastAPI应用中使用数据库:from fastapi import FastAPI, Dependsfrom sqlalchemy.orm import Sessionapp = FastAPI()def get_db(): db = SessionLocal() try: yield db finally: db.close()@app.get("/users/{user_id}")def read_user(user_id: int, db: Session = Depends(get_db)): user = db.query(User).filter(User.id == user_id).first() return {"id": user.id, "name": user.name, "email": user.email}通过以上步骤,就能在FastAPI应用中实现数据库集成,实现对数据库的增删改查操作。


