Ubuntu下C++网络编程实战

在 Ubuntu 下进行 C++ 网络编程实战，你需要了解一些基本的网络编程概念和相关库

安装必要的库和工具：

sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install build-essential g++ cmake

创建一个新的项目文件夹并进入：

mkdir cpp_networking_projectcd cpp_networking_project

创建一个名为 CMakeLists.txt 的文件，用于配置项目：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)project(cpp_networking_project)set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)add_executable(server server.cpp)add_executable(client client.cpp)

创建服务器（server.cpp）和客户端（client.cpp）源代码文件：

server.cpp:

#include<iostream>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <cstring>const int PORT = 8080;const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;int main() {    int server_fd, new_socket;    struct sockaddr_in address;    int addrlen = sizeof(address);    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};    char *message = "Hello from server!";    // 创建 socket    if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {        std::cerr << "Socket creation failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 绑定 socket    address.sin_family = AF_INET;    address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;    address.sin_port = htons(PORT);    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {        std::cerr << "Bind failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 监听连接    if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {        std::cerr << "Listen failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 接受连接    if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t *)&addrlen)) < 0) {        std::cerr << "Accept failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 读取客户端发送的数据    read(new_socket, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);    std::cout << "Message from client: "<< buffer<< std::endl;    // 向客户端发送消息    send(new_socket, message, strlen(message), 0);    std::cout << "Message sent to client"<< std::endl;    // 关闭 socket    close(new_socket);    close(server_fd);    return 0;}

client.cpp:

#include<iostream>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <cstring>const std::string SERVER_IP = "127.0.0.1";const int PORT = 8080;const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;int main() {    int sock = 0;    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};    char *message = "Hello from client!";    // 创建 socket    if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {        std::cerr << "Socket creation failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);    // 将 IP 地址转换为二进制格式    if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP.c_str(), &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0) {        std::cerr << "Invalid address / Address not supported"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 连接到服务器    if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {        std::cerr << "Connection failed"<< std::endl;        return -1;    }    // 向服务器发送消息    send(sock, message, strlen(message), 0);    // 从服务器接收消息    read(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);    std::cout << "Message from server: "<< buffer<< std::endl;    // 关闭 socket    close(sock);    return 0;}

编译并运行项目：

cmake .make./server &./client

这个例子展示了如何在 Ubuntu 下使用 C++ 进行基本的网络编程。你可以根据自己的需求修改代码，实现更复杂的功能。